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Background and Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of rhythmic exercises
with music on trampoline on motor development and happiness of children with and without educable
intellectual disability.
Method: The present study was conducted using a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design
with two groups of children with and without intellectual disability. The statistical sample included 30 nineto
ten-year-old children from Tabriz. The Bronix-Ozeretsky instruments and the Happiness and Vitality
Questionnaire were used to measure motor development and happiness, respectively. Both groups
performed trampoline exercises for eight weeks, each session lasting one hour. After the intervention,
a post-test similar to the pre-test was conducted. Data analysis was performed using univariate and
multivariate analysis of covariance.
Findings: The results of univariate analysis of covariance showed that both groups had significant
differences in motor development, but the group with intellectual disability showed more changes than the
group without intellectual disability. The results of multivariate analysis of variance also showed that the two
groups had significant differences in overall happiness and vitality and the subscales of life satisfaction and
social interaction, and with respect to the mean values, the group with intellectual disability showed greater
changes.
Conclusion: Since interventions focused on basic skills improve the development of children's motor
skills and happiness provides physical and mental health, it is necessary to use rhythmic exercises on the
trampoline both in the rehabilitation of children with intellectual disability and in the development of motor
skills in children without intellectual disability.
 

Keywords: Happiness, mental disability, motor development, Trampoline

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