Attribution
retraining is a training intervention that aimed to remove motivational
problems for learning in students and modify their thinking about causal
attributions. Consequently, it increases their self-esteem and expectation
level for success. On other hand, cognitive strategies are learning instruments
which aimed to help students for acquisition, organization, saving knowledge
and skill, and facilitate to use them in future time. Meta-cognition strategies
mean some instruments for guiding and supervising cognitive strategies.
Successful learners can replace ineffective cognitive strategies with effective
ones. It is important to evaluate problem-solving methods and their outcomes
before applying them. The students who master on learning strategies are more
successful during problem-solving process. The present paper discusses how
attribution retraining, cognitive and metacognitive strategies can help
intellectually disabled students to use their thinking and behaviors for
problem-solving.
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