Background: Occupational therapy in the school setting provides services for students with special needs. The occupational therapist uses a task analyze educational activities in order to help the student participate successfully in the educational environment.  They implement direct intervention on sensory motor perceptual-cognitive and psychosocial dysfunctions of students and indirect interventions such as counseling to teaching staff and parents in order to provide a context for the development of effective educational strategies.

Conclusion: Direct and indirect interventions resulted in significant clinical outcomes in schools but more research should be done by occupational therapists in Iranian schools. This article briefly discusses the performance and role of the occupational therapists in schools.