fa اثر بخشی مشاوره گروهی مبتنی بر واقعیت‌درمانی بر تاب آوری والدین کودکان اتیسم در شهر اصفهان اتيسم Autism اصیل پژوهشی Original Article <div style="margin-right:-0.05pt;"> <div style="margin-right:-.05pt;"><strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">زمینه:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">واقعیت‌درمانی نوعی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">روان‌درمانی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">است</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">آن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">سعی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">می‌شود</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">با توجّه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مفاهیم واقعیّت،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مسئولیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">امور</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">درست</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نادرست</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">زندگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">فرد،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">رفع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مشکلات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">او</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">کمک</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">شود. در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">روش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">طریق تبیین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">طبیعت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">انسان،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">تعیین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">قوانین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">رفتاری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">طرح</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">چگونگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">فرایند</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">درمان،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">افرادی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نیازمند</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">روان‌یاری هستند،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">کمک</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">می‌شود.</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> این پژوهش با هدف بررسی </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">اثربخشی مشاوره گروهی مبتنی بر واقعیت‌درمانی بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">تاب‌آوری والدین کودکان اتیسم در شهر اصفهان در سال 1396 انجام گرفت. </span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">هدف:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">روش پژوهش از نوع نیمه‌آزمایشی با پیش‌آزمون </span></span><span style="font-family:sakkal majalla;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">&ndash;</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> پس‌آزمون</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> و </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مرحله پیگیری</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> با گروه </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">کنترل بود.</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> جامعه شامل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">کلیه والدین دارای کودکان اتیسم </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">که از میان آنان </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">3</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">0 نفر به روش </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نمونه‌گیری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">به روش در دسترس</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> انتخاب شدند و به طور تصادفی</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">، به دو گروه آزمایشی(‌15 نفر) و کنترل‌(‌15 نفر) تقسیم شدند. ابزار پژوهش شامل </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مقیاس تاب‌آوری کانر و دیوید سون(</span></span><span style="font-family:traditional arabic,serif;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">89/0‌</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">=</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">&alpha;</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">)</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> بود. </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">گروه آزمایش</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> تحت </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">8 جلسه </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مشاوره گروهی مبتنی بر واقعیت‌درمانی </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">قرار گرفت و </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مورد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">گروه‌گواه هیچ</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مداخله‌ای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">اعمال</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نشد. </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"></span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نتایج:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نتایج داده‌ها با </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بهره‌گیری از </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">تحلیل اندازه‌های مکرر</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> نشان</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> داد مشاوره گروهی </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مبتنی بر واقعیت</span></span><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">‌</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">درمانی </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بر </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">تاب‌آوری والدین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">تأثیر مثبت دارد. همچنین نتایج حاکی از آن بود که </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مشاوره گروهی مبتنی بر واقعیت‌درمانی بر افزایش مولفه‌های تاب‌آوری والدین(به جز کنترل) مؤثر بوده است. </span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نتیجه گیری:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بدین ترتیب احتمالاً می‌توان گفت </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مشاوره گروهی مبتنی بر واقعیت</span></span><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">‌</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">درمانی </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در افزایش </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">تاب‌آوری مادران دارای کودکان اتیسم</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> مؤثر می‌باشد. </span></span></div> </div> <strong>Background:</strong> Reality therapy is a kind of psychotherapy in which it is tried to help to resolve problems with respect to the concepts of reality, the proper and incorrect responsibility of one&#39;s life. In this way, people who need psychosocial help are helped by defining human nature, determining behavioral rules and designing the treatment process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group counseling based on reality therapy on resilience of parents of autistic children in Isfahan city in 2017.<br> <strong>Method:</strong> The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group. The <em>statistical population</em> included all parents with autism children, of which 30 were selected using convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 people) and control (15 people). The research tool included the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale. The experimental group underwent 8 group counseling sessions based on reality therapy. The control group didn&#39;t receive any intervention<span dir="RTL">.</span><br> <strong>Results:</strong> The results of the data, using repeated measure analysis, show that group counseling based on reality therapy has a positive effect on parental resilience. The results also indicated that group counseling based on reality therapy had been effective in increasing parental resiliency components (excluding control).<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> In this way, it can be said that group counseling based on reality therapy is effective in increasing resilience of parents with autistic children.<span dir="RTL"></span> واقعیت درمانی, تاب آوری, والدین, کودکان اتیسم Reality Therapy, Resilience, Parents, Autistic Children 35 44 http://exceptionaleducation.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1571-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 nahid ahmadian ناهید احمدیان nahid.ahmadian43@gmail.com 4641434624 10031947532846009097 Yes دانشگاه آزاد اسالمی واحد خمینی شهر، اصفهان mahdi tabrizi مهدی تبریزی mehditabr@yahoo.com 3871516279 10031947532846009098 No دانشگاه آزاد اسالمی واحد خمینی شهر، اصفهان